ASK THE DOCTOR: Cancer care - Make informed treatment decisions
By
Dr. JIM MITTERANDO
The Patriot Ledger
Too often
the word ‘‘cancer'' is falsely linked with death. Most cancers are
not death sentences and can be treated. Here is some advice to help you make decisions
regarding you or a loved one:
Knowledge
is control
Learn as
much as you can about cancer and its treatment. The more you know, the more you
can control the situation. This knowledge can help you and your family members
talk to your doctors about what to expect and which treatment is right. Try these
resources:
Do not
rush
One of the
first things to know about cancer is that, most of the time, it is NOT an emergency.
Many people panic when they first find out and rush to make a decision to start
treatment as soon as possible. Almost everyone with a new diagnosis has time to
look for information and make careful, thoughtful decisions.
Awaiting
tests
Waiting
for test results is the hardest part. After the initial diagnosis, further testing
is needed to give doctors a more accurate prognosis (outlook) from which to proceed.
The pathology
report will microscopically examine a biopsy to not only diagnose the type of
cancer but also determine the aggressiveness of the cancer. X-rays, CT-scans,
MRIs or bone scans determine if the cancer has spread (metastasize). Oncologists
or surgeons need this information to discuss prognosis and treatment options with
you.
The health
care team
Most people
have a team of doctors and nurses that will include your primary care doctor and
an oncologist. The oncologist is a cancer specialist who often quarterbacks the
care while you are undergoing treatment. Oncologists provide statistics on the
chance of cure or remission, lifespan and help you to weigh the risks and benefits
of various treatments such as surgery, chemotherapy, hormone therapy and radiation
treatments. Often a surgeon and a radiation oncologist are also involved and can
provide different viewpoints on treatment.
Your primary
care doctor can arrange consultation with an oncologist and help expedite appointments
and tests. People often believe they should go to a cancer center such as Dana
Farber, Sloan Kettering or Mayo Clinic to get the best care. In fact, most oncologists
in your community are part of broad treatment network involving multiple centers.
They provide excellent care, locally. For more rare or unusual cancers you may
be referred to a specialty clinic. Oncologists can also put you in touch with
clinical trials, if appropriate.
To get the
most out of your doctor's visits:
- Ask as
many questions as you need to
- Write
down your questions in case you forget them
- Don't
worry if your questions seem silly or don't make sense
- Take someone
along to provide emotional support, ask questions and help to remember what is
said
- Take notes
- Find out
the success rate and risks of each treatment option
- Do your
homework
Additional
support
Being diagnosed
with cancer and going through treatment is difficult and you often will feel overwhelmed,
frightened and alone. Even with the support of family members and friends, many
people need additional help. Support groups are designed to offer an atmosphere
where you can talk about your feelings and share information with other people
who are going through a similar experience. Support groups are also available
for the family members of people who have cancer. Your doctor, a hospital or the
local chapter of the American Cancer Society can provide you with a list of support
groups.
Stay
organized
Lastly,
it is important to organize your health information, tests and insurance information
to ensure your best care and to avoid misunderstandings or billing problems.
Consider
using a three-ring binder or file folders. Contact your insurance company to make
sure treatments are covered. Make sure insurance referrals are made in advance
of appointments to avoid future payment problems or bills.
Dr. Jim
Mitterando is a family doctor at Cohasset Family Practice and a staff member at
South Shore Hospital in Weymouth.
Readers
should send questions to: Ask the Doctor, The Patriot Ledger, P.O. Box 699159,
Quincy, MA 02269-9159, or by E-mail to his attention at features@ledger.com.
Questions
of general interest will be answered in this column. The information in this column
is not intended to diagnose individual conditions, and individual replies are
not possible. Readers should see their own doctors about specific problems.
Copyright
2004 The Patriot Ledger
Transmitted Tuesday, March 16, 2004